Norway is an example of a country that is good at managing its energy sustainably.

It is situated in Northern Europe, and has many natural resources such as: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, titanium, pyrites, nickel, fish, timber and hydropower. Though the list is very big, Norway is best known for its exporting of oil and natural gas, and its use of HEP for electrical power.

99% of Norway's electricity is generated from HEP.

39% of the energy used in the country comes from fossil fuels, and 61% comes from renewable resources (50% from HEP and so 11% from other renewables).

Advantages to using mainly HEP for a lot of the country's energy demands are:

• Norway can utilise its natural resources as it creates HEP from its natural lakes.
• Also there are economic benefits such as norway can make more money from its large oil reserves by exporting the oil rather than using it for energy.
• The HEP is sustainable.

Disadvantages:

• Norway is very dependent on the large amounts of rainfall, and so seasonal changes can result in lack of HEP energy.
• Norway is now very vulnerable to climate fluctuations - requiring some imports during dryer seasons. 

Oil and gas exports:

• Norway is the 5th largest exporter of oil in the world - 3.018 million bbl/day (2004), and it is the 3rd largest exporter of gas.
• Norway exported about 3.3 Tcf of natural gas in 2008, almost all of it to Europe via a pipeline.
• the country is the second largest supplier of gas to the European Union, behind Russia.
• The largest recipient of Norway’s natural gas pipeline exports in 2008 was Germany (932 Bcf), followed by the United Kingdom (893 Bcf), and France (562 Bcf). 

Advantages of Norway's management of energy:

• Doesn’t have to worry about energy security in the short term because it’s energy rich, politically stable and wealthy
• Is trying to develop a long term sustainable energy programme
• Some aspects are already sustainable
• By putting high taxes on oil this promotes energy sustainability